Combined type-writing and computing machine.



B. C. STICKNEY.

COMBINED TYPE WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-4,1913.

B. C. STICKNEY.

COMBINED TYPE WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED IAN.4. 1913.

Patented Dec. I7, 1918.

INI /ENToITI B. CA STICKNEY.

COMBINED TYPE WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED IAN.4,19I3.

Patented Dec. 1T, 1918.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

INVENTORI KJ@ [12 55:.;11 i I I I l I I I I I I I I I I B. C. STICKNEY.

COMBINED TYPE WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED IAN-4,1913.

` Patented Dec. 17, 1918.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

INVENTORI my/mf wITNEssEsI @JJM MMZQ@ B. C. STICKNEY.

COMBINED TYPE WRITING AND CoNIPuEING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED IAN.4. 1913. 1,288,259. Patemed 1390.111918.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

WITNESSESI INVENTO R B. C. STICKNEY.

COMBINED TYPE WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED IAN-4.1913.

Patented 1160.111918.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

INVENTOR:

B. C'. STICKNEY. COMBINED TYPE WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 1AN.4I 1913.

WITNESSES:

B. C. STICKNEY.

COMBINED TYPE WRITING IIND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED IAN.4,19\3.

luteutcd Dec. 1T, 1918.

9 SHEETSmSHEE 8.

NVENT() R:

WITN ESSES: IMQ AM@ B. C. STICKNEY.

COMBINED TYPE wRmNG AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED IAN-4.1913.

Patented Dev. IT, ISIS.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 9.

WITNESSESI ww@ INVENTORI BURNHAM C. STICKNEY, ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO UNDER/WOOD COMPUTING MACHINE COMPANY, OF YORK.

NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW COMBINED TYPE-WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

Application led January 4, 1913.

Be it'known that I, BURNHAM C. S'riCK- Nrn', a citizen of the United States, residing at Elizabeth, in the county of Union and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Type-IVriting and Computing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a combined typewritizig and computing machine of the general type in which all of the digits of a number to be computed are first indexed as the digits are separately written on the worksheet, then the number as a whole when so indexed is transferred to the computing head or heads, and is an improvement on my applications, No. 685,652, iled March 23, 1912, (now Patent No. 1,186,520, dated Juno 6, 1916) and No. 699,377, filed May 24, 1912.

In my above-mentioned application, No. 685,652, I showed a structure whereby a number of computing units or heads on the same level could be used successively to compute numbers Aiu different vertical columns either for addition or subtraction.

In my above-mentioned application, No. 699,377. I showed how a secondary grand totalizer or computing head could be used in connection with a series of alined computing units or primary computing heads, to accumulate either a cross total or a grand total of the numbers computed in separate vertical columns by the series of alined computing heads. In that case, however, the mechanism was shown arranged for addition only.

In my present application, I not only provide for the use of a grand or cross totalizcr with a series ot' alined primary computing heads for addition, but I also arrange whereby these same computing elements can be used for subtraction as well as addition.

In the above-mentioned prior applications, I also showed denominational digit column members, which transferred the indexed numbers Ato the computing wheels, in the form of sliding` racks. In this invention, I have devised denominational column members which swing to perform the function of transferring an indexed number instead of sliding.

In carrying out these improvements, I

-have arranged a main or primary totalizer divided into a series of computing units or headsy in axial almement with each other on Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 17, 1918.

Serial No. 740,094.

a different level from a secondary or grand totalizer, with means for accumulating the numbers to be computed in the form of swinging arcuate rack-bearing elements, which engage to drive both the primary and secondary totalizers at the same time.

The connection for driving is a direct one for addition. that is to say, the rack portions engage with the computing wheel pinions of both totalizers directly' for addition. The driving connection is an indirect one for subtraction. To accomplish subtraction, floating pinions are moved up to form an intermediate connection between the racks and the pinions of the computing wheels in both totalizers. The racks, however, are out of driving connection with the computing wheel pinions at all times except when they are being swung forward in their numbertransferring stroke.

Provision is made whereby the type or character 4of computation for all the totalizers can be controlled from a single handle or lever. Provision is also made for carrving onefin addition and borrowing one"` in subtraction for both totalizers, and this n'iechanism is also governed from the controlling lever just mentioned, so as to correspond with the character of driving connection between the transferring racks and the computing wheels.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings` Figure l is a vertical section taken from front to rear, showing the parts of the typewriting mechanism in dotted and the parts of the computing mechanism in full lines, with parts omitted for the sake of simplicity.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary front View in elevation with parts broken away to show the underlying structure.

Fig. 3 is a plan view with some of the superposed elements removed to disclose the underlying structure.

Fig. 4; 1s a detail front view in elevation, showing the transposition mechanism whereby the several denominational or columnal or column bars of the computing mechanism are controlled in their activity in successive order during the step-by-step movement of the carriage.

Fig. 5 is a detail View in side elevation, showing one of the numeral keys depressed so as .to raise the corresponding pin-setting linkage, without, however, having the pinbearing bars in such a position that the pins thereon can be set.

Fig. 6 isa view similarto Fig. 5, showing however,I one of the pin-bearing denominational bars in its active position, so that one of the pins thereon is set by the linkages associated with the depressed numeral key.

Fig. 7 is a skeleton view showing the mechanism arranged for adding in both computing heads and with lone 'of the pinbearing denominational bars thrown forward its full stroke. Particular attention is called to the position of the ball clutches relative to their sockets in the tens-carrying pinions, whereby a quarter idle stroke is obtained during the return movement of the general operator before the tens-carrying mechanism becomes effective.

Fig.' 8 is a skeleton view in elevation, showing the parts arranged for addition with the racks just engaging the gears of the computing wheels after the preliminary forward stroke of the general operator.

Fig. 8a is av detail view, showing the clutch and associated pinion for one of the 'assisting tens-carrying shafts in its normal position.

Ffg. 9 is a skeleton view in elevation, similar to those of Figs. 7 and 8, with the parts arranged, however, so that they will perform subtraction, and showing one of the pin-bearing rack bars at the end of its eXtreme forward stroke.

Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9,with the exception that the intermediate pinions have just engaged the dial wheel pinions for a. forward or running-up movement of the rack bars.

Fig. 11 is a skeleton view in elevation, showing the parts arranged for addition and during the return stroke of the movement of the rack bars just as the cam follower has fallen from resting on the auxiliary arm'. to enable the rack bars to clear the dial pinions before the racks have any return movement.

Fig. 12 is .a skeleton view in elevation, showing the gene-ral operator making its return stroke, with the parts arranged for subtraction and just as the racks begin to return. subsequent, however, to disengagement of the idle pinions from the dial wheel pinions.

Figs. 13 to 20, inclusive, are detached detail views of the duplex assisting segments` showing the graded angles at which the arms thereof are arranged with respect to each other.

Fig. 21 is a detail vertical section from front to rear-through a computing head. showing the tens-carrying mechanism beforev it has been actuated by the single tooth of the computing wheel.

Aputing in another column Zone.

Fig. 22 is a View similar to Fig. 21, with the exception that the. ,mechanism is shown after the single tooth of the computing wheel has initiated the tens-carrying operation, which is completed by the assisting segments. v

Fig. 23 is a detail view showing'the restoring mechanism for restoring the pins on the pin bars afterthey have completed their work. This view illustrates the parts in the position which they occupy before the general operator has forced the pin bars forward to accomplish their work in running up numbers, and illustrates how the pawl on the general operator escapes the cam lug on the pin-restorer without actuating it.

' Fig. 24: is a view similar to Fig. 23, showing, however, the general operator on its return stroke with the pawl thereon engag ing the cam on the pin-restorer, so that the pawl has shifted the latter down to its pinrestoring position.

Fig. 25 is a skeleton perspective view showing the arrangement whereby' the clutches are shifted to change the direction of drive of the-tens-carrying assisting shafts so as to enable either addition or subtraction. p Fig. 26 is a pla-n view partly in section, showing the relation of a few of the computing or dial wheels and the tens-carrying mechanism therefor.

Fig. 27 is a detail section through. the shaft which controls the character of action between the segment rack bars and the pinions of the computing wheels for addition and subtraction.

Fig. 28 is a detail sectional view in elevation, taken at right angles tothe section shown in Fig. 29, showing the connection of the multiple cam, which controls the adding and subtract-ing states of the computing heads, to the general operator.

Fig. 29 is a vertical section on the line A-A of Fig. 28, showing the same parts from a different point of view.

Fig. 30 is a vertical section through the reversing gearing which enables the rotation of the tens-carrying shafts for addition and subtraction.

Fig. 31 is a detail view of the locking mechanism which holds the traveling computing element against movement. and the releasing mechanism therefor. whereby the main totalizer is given intermittent jump movements, one foreach new major column, as the typewriter carriage travels from the computing in one column Zone to the com- The parts in this view are illustrated with the carriage travelingto the left in a normal letter- Yspacing direction. showing the latch just traveling element of the computing mechanism will be free to jump forward.

Fig. 32 is a view similar to that shown in Fig. 31, with the exception that the carriage lis traveling in the return direction, and illustrates how'the tripper passes idly by the trip without actuating the latch.

Referring more particularlyy to the separate parts of this invention as embodied in the form shown in the drawings, 1 indicates character keys, and 2 numeral keys, which are mounted on key levers 3, so as to rock bell cranks +L, to swing type bars 5 up against the front side of a platen 6 mounted on a carriage 7. The carriage 7 is mounted to travel in a manner common to Underwood typewriters, and'is controlled in its travel for a step-by-step letter-feeding movement by an esc-apement mechanism 'indicated in general at 9. y

This escapement mechanism may be of any usual type, and in this instance is shown to include a universal bar 10 engaged by a heel 11 on eachtype bar as it` is actuated, so as to rock a pair of pawls 12 engaging with an escapement wheel 13. The escapement wheel 13 is on a shaft 11 common to it and a pinion 15,.which engages a rack 16 mounted on arms 17, which are pivotally mounted on the carriage 7, so as to enable the rack 16 to be lifted out Aof engagement with the pinion 15 when it is desired to have a` movement other than a step-by-step movement.

To accomplish such a jump movement, the carriage 7 may have secured thereon, a rack bar 18, engaging the teeth of which may be adjustably-mounted tappets or stops 19, which are adapt-ed to be enga-ged by any one of a series of vertical Abars or plungers 20 engaging at their lower ends with tabulating key levers 21. The tabulating key levers 21 are connected in the usual manner to a universal bar 22, which pulls on a link 23, to rock a lever 21, so as to raise a roller 25 on the front end thereof, which engages with a smooth portion of the rack 16.

The mechanism so far described is common to the Underwood typewriter and forms no part of the present invention, but combines and coperates with the computing mechanism which will now be described, to enable the effection of a combined typewriting and computing action.

lVhen the numeral keys 2 are struck, they not only raise the type bars to print characters, but they also, as will be seen by reference to Figs. 2 and 3press down on thrust links 26, which are arranged in echelon and engage at their lower ends with a series of levers 27 of varying length and pivoted at varying points 28.

In depressing one end of a lever 27, it raises the opposite end which is provided with a blade 29, having its top edge (indicated at 30) slightly inclined downward from its pivot toward the 'extremity oftliis end of the lever. so as to allow for the variation in leverage. The top edge 30 of each lever is so arranged that each lever may set any one of a superposed row of pins 31, each one of which in a row corresponding to the lever, is mounted on a different denominational or digit segment member 32.

The purpose of this arrangement is to enable a numeral key when depressed to set a corresponding pin on one of the bars or members 32. Normally, however, as will be seen by reference to Fig. 5, the pins 31 are offset or out of alinement with the blades 29 of the levers 27, so that if a key should operate its associated bladed-lever, no pin would be set unless some other mechanism should move the bars 32 to bring the pins 31 into alinement with the blades 29. The purpose of this is to enable a cross selection which will cause the setting of a pin solely on the denominational member corresponding to the particular denomination being written in at the time the key is struck. To accomplish this object, the carriage which in its travel controls the printing point, is also made to control the active denominational digit member.

The same or different stops or tappets 19 which control the position of the carriage by coperation with the tabulating mechanism, may be used to carry out the selecting movement of the denominational members. In this arrangement, as will be seen by reference to Fig. 4, each of such tappets 19 as are used for this purpose is provided with a pawl 33 pivotally mounted thereon and rigidly held from movement in one direction by a stop 3l, buty yieldingly permitted to move in the opposite direction by a spring 35.

In Fig. 4, is shown the carriage moving for a return stroke, so that the pawl 33 passes inetfectively by a series of transposition bails 36, but during the step-by-step movement of the carriage in the letter-feeding direction, as in the actual striking of successive digits in a horizontal row, the pawl 33 will successively engage cam ed-ges 37 (Fig. 1), so as to rock the bails 36 successively about their pivotal mounted bearings on a shaft 38.

It will be noted that the bails 36 are nested one within the other, so that arms 39 on which the cam portions 37 are provided, will be arranged successively from right to left, while arms 40 ofthe same bails at the other ends thereof will be arranged successively from left to right. That is to say, the arm 39 farthest to the right will be irst actuated by the pawl 33, whereby the corresponding arm on the same bail, which will be actuated at the same time, will be farthest to the left of the series of arms 10.

Eachof the arms 40 is provided with a pin 41, which overlies a corresponding arm 42 of a bell crank 43. Each ofthese bell cranks is loosely mounted on a fixed shaft 44 and is provided on the other arm 45 thereof With one of the previously-mentioned pin-bearing bars 32, shown in this instance as in the form of a segment of a circle.

It Will thus be seen that When the paWl 33 rocks one of the bailsV 36, the associated bell crank 43 will also be rocked, so as `to bring the pins 31 carried by the denominational bar 32, 1n alinement With the blades 29 on the levers 27. `-Inasmlch as the paWl 33 can come in engagement with only one of the bails at a time, only one of the pin-bearing bars 32Will be shifted to such a position that the pins thereon can be set bythe particular one of the levers 27 actuated by a depression of the corresponding numeral key.

Each of the bars 32 has as a. continuation thereof, an arcuate rack bar 46, which is arranged to coperate With a primary or main totalizer 47 and a secondary or grand totalizer 48, to run up numbers thereon. In this instance, for the purpose of convenience, the rack 46 is shown as being ypivotaliy connected to the pin-bearing portion 32, as at 49,'to enable an engaging and disengaging movement of the rack.

The pin-bearing portions of the denominational or digit column members may be considered, when taken together with vthe pin-setting mechanism, to constitute computation -indexing means, While the rack bars may be considered part of the transferring means for transferring the indexedv computations to the totalizers. As a whole, the rack portions and pin-bearing portions of the bars may be considered a part of the actuating means for running up numbers on the totalizers. 1

It will be well at this point, to describe the general arrangement of the totalizers 47 and 48, to enable a subsequent clearer description of the parts foactuating the same.

The grand totalizer 48 may be used to either cross add solely, or to accumulate a grand total of all cr'oss additions. It jis therefore arranged at a different level from the main totalizer 47, which, in this insta-nce, is shown to include a series of individual units or computing heads 50, (Figs. 2 and 3) which may be used to' calculate the sub-totals of corresponding vertical columns on the Work-sheet..

Inasmuch as the computing mechanism is of the typein which the computation is first indexed and then transferred simultaneously to all of the Wheels necessary on a single computing unit or head, it is necessary to maintain the traveling portion of the main computing totalizer stationary during the indexing and subsequent transfer, and then obtain af traveling movement to bring the next computing unit or head into coperation With the running up and indexing mechanism between the several columns. Tothis end, as Will be seen by reference to Figs. 2, 3, 31 and 32, the totalizer 47 is mounted on a computing frame or carriage 51, which travels relatively to the indexing and transferring mechanism, and is normally under a traction tending to draw it in a direction corresponding to the letter-feeding movement of the carriage, by a spring barrel 52, which is connected thereto by a flexible member 53. The main totalizer 47, however, is prevented from such movement by a latch lever 54, which is normally held by a spring 55 against a stop 56, in such a. position that one end 57 thereof Will lie inthe path of the next adj a'- cent one of a series of lugs 58 on the frame 51. vThis latch lever will therefore normally prevent the traveling movement of t-he totalizer 47 under the traction of the spring barrel 52. When, however, the initial one, that is the one farthestto the left, of the series of computing heads 50, has received a computation, it is necessary to bring the next computing head in engagement with the indexing and transferring mechanism.

Inasmuch as the carriage must also be spaced toward the left to bring a fresh column of the Work-sheet to the printing point, advantage is taken of the' movement of the carriage to control the movement of the computing heads 50. To this end, there is mounted on the typewriter-carriage 7, a pair of brackets 59, which support between them, a rail 60, having adjustably mounted thereon at predetermined intervals corresponding to the intervals between the columns of the work to be Written on the Work-sheet, a series of trippers 61, which are adapted to co-act successively With a trip 62 pivot-ally mounted on the opposite end of the lever 54 from the end 57 which engages the lugs 58. The trip 62 has a cam edge, which is engaged by the cam edge of the tripper 61, s0v that as the carriage feeds in a letter-spacing direction toward the left, the lever 54 may be rocked to move the toe or end 57 out of engagement With the'lug 58, permitting ajump movement of the computing heads 50 until the next lug 58 is caught by the toe 57 of the lever 54.

It Will be noted that While the trip 62 is prevented by a stop 63 from a movement relative to the lever 54, When approached by a tripper 61 during a letter-feeding movement of the carriage, as in Fig. 31, it is but yieldingly held by a spring 64, so that when the same or another tripper 61 comes in engagement with the trip 62 during a re'- turn movement of the carriage, as in Fig. 32, this trip Will yield, permitting the idle passage of the t-ripper 61 Without a corresponding actuation of the latch lever 54. The series of horizontally-alined totalizers Will be returned during the return movement of the carriage, by a dog 140, which engages the left-hand end of the frame 51 of the upper totalizer.

Having described the arrangement whereby the computing heads can be made to simultaneously run up numbers correspond- 'ing to the sums of different vertical and hori- 'operator 66, which is also shown to include a pair of arms 67, between which the cross bar extends. The general operator 66 is loosely mounted 0n the shaft 44 and has provided in both of the arms thereof, slots 68, which are engaged by pins 69 on arms 70 secured to a shaft 71, which has also secured thereon, an operating crank 72.

l/Vhen it is desired to run up a number indexed by the set-up pins on the rack bars 32, the crank 72 may be swung forward from the position shown in Fig. 1 to t-he position shown in Fig. 9, so that the general operator will have a corresponding movement in the direction of the arrows shown in Figs. 7 and 9, whereby it will thrust the segment bars 32 in front of it, carrying the rack bars 46 with them a distance corresponding to the particular pins which have been set up on the various denominational bars 32.

It will be noted, however, that the rack bars 46 are not in a condition to engage pinions 73 and 74 of computing or dial wheels 75 and 76, comprising the totalizers 48 and 47. For addition, therefore, it is irstnecessary before the rack bars have any movement. to bring about the engagement of the i rack bars with the pinions 73 and 74.

In the case of subtraction. instead of a direct engagement of the rack bars 46 with the pinions 73 and 74, an indirect driving relation is brought about through the intermediary of idle pinions 77 and 78, which always engage the rack bars 46 and may be shifted up, so as to also engage the pinions 73 and 74. The idle pinions 77 and 78 may be mounted on pivotal frames 79 and normally yieldingly pressed into engagement with the racks 46 by means of springs 80.

The frames 79, of which there is one for each of the idle pinions, are pivotally mounted on a rock frame 81, which is pivotally mounted on a shaft 82. The rock frame 81 is connected by a link 83 (Figs. 1, 12 and 25), to an arm 84 loosely mounted 0n a shaft. 85 but connectible thereto by a clutch arrangement. Also loosely mounted on the shaft 85, there is provided an arm 86, which is connected by a link 87 to a bell crank 88, which is provided with a guide 89 for the rack bars 46. By swinging the bell crank 88 from the shaft 85, the engagement of the rack bars 46 with the pinions 73 and 74, may be brought about to accomplish an adding rotation of the computing wheels of both the upper and lower computing totalizers.

To accomplish a subtracting rotation of the computing wheels, the rock frame 81 may be also swung up to bring the pinions 77 and 78 into mesh with the pinions 73 and 74, the swinging movement likewise being controllable from the shaft 85. The control, however, from the shaft 85 is of an alternative character, that is to say, only one control can be effective at a time. For this purpose, the shaft 85 is shiftable through the bearings of the arms 84 and 86, and is -provided with a key 90 (Fig. 27), which can be shifted from coperation with one of the arms, to coperate with the other of the arms, the arms being provided with keyslots into which they key can pass to secure one of the arms at a time to the shaft 85. so that it will rotate therewith. The shaft 85 itself obtains its rocking movement from an arm 91, which is likewise connected to the shaft 85 by a splined arrangement 92, but this splined arrangement is such that the key never leaves the slot, so that the arm 91 is always connected to the shaft 85 no matter which oneof the arms 84 or 86 is connected to the same shaft.

The arm 91 is provided with a cam-follower 93 (F ig. which is arranged to engage a multiple cam wheel 94 loosely mounted on a hub 95 of the general operator 66. butfconnectible thereto by a ball-andsocket clutch 96, (Fig. 28) during the forward movement of the general operator. The clutch 96, however, is of such a character that it connects the multiple cam 94 to the general operator solely during the forward movement of the latter and but for a distance corresponding tothe action of one cam tooth. The cam will .be held against return movement with the general operator by a detent 97. There is a clutch socket for each cam tooth, so that at each complete actuation of the general operator, a new tooth will be brought in play.

It will be noted that the formation of, each cam tooth of the cam wheel 94 is such that it will first rock the arm 91 and then hold it for a period in its actuated position. so that whichever one of the arms 84 or 86 is in clutched relation with the shaft 85, the associated -mechanism will be manipulated to bring about a driving relation between the racks 46 and the pinions 73 and 74.

If the arm 84 is clutched to the shaft 85 for a substracting operation, when the shaft 85 is rotated the frame 81 willbe swung upwardly moving the idle pinions 77 and 78 into mesh with the pinions 73 and 74, so that' the computing wheels will be driven in l the incline tothe unacting circular portion of the cam wheel, takes place before the cross bar 65 comes into engagementl with any of the set pins 31 on. the denominational members 32, so that the rack bars will have absolutely no running-up movement until they are connected either for adding or subtracting. It is likewise necessary, after the `rack bars have been given as much of a forward movement as is possible under the circumstances, that they shall be disconnected before they are given a return movement, so that they will not undo any running up of numbers on the computing wheels which they have accomplished on their forward stroke.

For this purpose, there is secured to thev general operator 66 to move therewith, an auxiliary rest or arm 98. This arm 98, as will be seen by reference to Fig. 29, is secured to the hub 95, so that unlike the cam wheel 94, it not only moves forward and. up with the general operator, but returns with the general operator leaving the mult-iple cam wheel behind it.

At the beginning of the movement of the general operator on its forward stroke, the rest or arm 98 occupies the position shown in Fig. 1. That is to say, the. resting portion of this arm is, concentric and co-extensive with 'theresting portion ofthe next active cam tooth of the` multiple cam wheel 94,.So that it' forms a continuation thereof at the point where this cam tooth drops down for the beginning of the next cam rise. The follower 93 will therefore be lifted to the highest surface of the cam wheel and continue along this surface with the subsequent forward movement of the general operator, and during the .nal movement will stop on the. rest 98, so that it will overlie. the next dip between two adjacent cam teeth. Then when the generaloperatorsubsequently returns, carrying with it the rest 98, the follower will be free to drop in this dip under the tension of a spring 99, which returns the arm 86, or a spring 100, which returns the rock frame 81, according to whether the arm 86 or the arm 84 is clutched to the shaft 85.

The return movement of the general operator, which takes place before the rest 98 has moved from under the cam-follower to permit 'it to disconnect the transferring mechanism from the pinions 74 and 73 of the upper and the lower computing heads,

-alinement with the levers 27.

In order to carry or borrow tens between one computing wheel and the next adjacent computing wheel, there is provided a carryover mechanism for the upper totalizer and also a carry-over mechanism for the lower totalizer. On each of thecomputing wheels 75 and 76, as will be seen by reference to Figs. 21' and 22, there is provided -a special tooth 102, which is adapted once in every complete revolution of the associated computing wheel, to engage with one of the teeth of a mutilated gear 103 and rotate this mutilated gear through one-ninth of a revolution. The mutilated gear 103 has nine teeth, every third one of which is cut away for a. fraction of its width, so as to leave' a blank or mutilated space, which is normally opposed to an associated duplex assisting segment 104.v When the tooth 102, however,

rotates the mutilated gear through one-ninth of a revolution, it brings one ofthe complete or wide teeth on the mutilated gear `into the path of one of the arms ofthe segvment 104.

cording to whether the operation is an adding or a` subtracting one. At any rate, when a vfull tooth of a mutilated gear 103 is brought into the path of the assisting segment 104, the latter will be rotated in a manner to be described, so as to rotate the mutilated gear two-nintheI of a revolution, making in all one-third of a revolution.

Each mutilated gear 103 is fixed to a. threetooth pinion 106, which extends so as to mesh lwith a ten-tooth gearA 107 secured to the computing wheel of next higher denomination. It will thus be seen if a computing wheel is rotated to carry over ten from a ylower to VVa higher p denomination, that wheel will be advanced a space corresponding to one digit. In subtraction the converse is true and the next higher computing wheel will be rotated backward a space corresponding to one digit, 'so as to borrow one from the next higher denomination.

The particular structure of the assisting segments 101 will be seen by reference to Figs. 13 to 21, inclusive. Each segment comprises an'adding and a subtracting arm, and the arms when assembled on the shaft 105 are arranged in two spirals, one for adding and one for subtracting, whereby the carry-over operation, Whether for carrying one or borrowing one, will start with the units wheel and progress toward the wheels of higher denomination in succession.

It has been found convenient to form each adding and subtracting arm for each computing wheel integral to provide a duplex assisting segment. Inasmuch as' the arms must operate successively, the angle at which a pair of arms is arranged grad ually increases in magnitude from that of the assisting segment for the units computing wheel to that of the computing wheel of the highest denomination provided for. In Fig. 20, the. angle has become 360 degrees, so that a single arm performs bot-h the adding and subtracting assisting operation for the computing wheel of highest denomination. The usual detents 108 and 109 (Fig. 22) may be provided, respectively, for the computing wheels and the mutilated gears 103, to prevent the accidental rotation of these members and to lock them in any adjusted position.

The shaft 105, of which there is one for each tens-carrying train, that is, for the upper and lower totaliZers, is arranged to be driven solely during the return movement of the general operatonas the numbers must be first run up on t-he vcomputing wheels during the forward stroke of the general operator, and by their running-up set the tens-carrying mechanism to be operated through the assisting segments on the su-'bsequent return movement of the general operator.

To accomplish this, one of the arms 67 of the general operator is provided with a' gear segment 110, which meshes with pinions 111 cn each of the assisting shafts 105. The pinions 111, however, are not secured to the shafts 105, but are connectible thereto so as to enable a rotation in either one direction or the other,'according to whether the operation is an adding or a subtracting one, solely during the return stroke. of the general operator 66 and the gear segment 110.

Ina-smuch as the operations for both assisting shafts are identical, only one will be described. By referringto Figs. 7, 8, 8a, 11, 12, 25 and 30, it will be seen that the pinion 111 is loosely mounted on the hub 112 of a bevel gear 113, the latter being also looselyv mounted on the shaft 105. The pinion 111. however` is arranged to be clutched to the bevel gear 113 by a ball-andsocket clutch 111, which consists of a ball or roller 115, normally pressed out by a. spring 110, so that it tends to enter a socket 11T in the pinion 111. `When the pinion is rotated in the direction/of the arrow in Figs. 11 and 12, the ball or roller 115 will .form an interponent clutching the pinion to the hub 112, as indicated in Figs. 11 and 12, so that the pinion will rotate the bevel gear 113 with it.

As has been stated above, it is necessary before the tens-carrying operation is assisted on the ,return stroke of the general operator, to move the racks 4G out of driving relation with the computing wheels and 70, so that the tens-carrying operation will not be interfered with. To allow for this, theA pinions 111, being' always in engagement with the arcuate rack or segment gear 110, must be given an idle motion during the return movement of the general operator as well as during the forward movement of the general operator. To this end, the clutch when in its normal position, has its parts located according to the arrangement shown in Fig. Sa, that is, with the ball or roller 115 out in the socket in the pinion 111.

The extent of movement of the general operator on its forward stroke and the relative driving ratio between the segment gear 110 and the pinions 111, are such that during the forward movement of the general operator, the pinions 111 will be given not only a complete revolution, but a movement somewh-at in excess of a complete revolution. For example, as shown. an additional quarter of a revolution, so that the socket 117 will be passed idly by the ball or roller 115 a revolution and a quarter, until it occupies the position shown in Fig. 7. Under this state of affairs, the sockets 117 will permit the pinions 111 to rotate idly during the return movement of the general operator a quarter of a revolution before the shafts 105 are given any motion whatsoever. This gives plenty of time for the rest '98 to pass from beneath the follower 93, so that whether the mechanism is connected for adding or subtracting` the computing wheels will be freed therefrom before any assisting Carry-over operation can take place.

The pinions 111 are effective always on the return stroke of the general operator and rotate the bevel gears 113 always in the same direction, but they do not rotate the shafts 105 always in the same direction. The bevel gear 113 meshes with an idle bevel gear 118, (Fig. 30) which in turn meshes with a bevel gear 119 also loosely mounted on the shaft 105 but facing in the opposite direction to the bevel gear 113. The bevel gears 113 and 119 have thereon clutch faces, numbered, respectively, 120 and 121, which are arranged to be engaged by a shiftable duplex clutch 122, splined on the shaft 105 between them, so that whichever one of the gears 113 and 119 is engaged by the clutch 122, it will be secured to the shaft 105, so as to rotate the latter. lnasmuch as the gears 113 and 119 face in opposite directions. the one will rotate the shaft 105 in one direction and the other in the opposite direction, that is to say. one will rotate for addition and the other for subtraction.

The clutch 122 is provided with an annular groove, which for the upper totalizer is engaged by a shifting lever 123, and for the lower totalizer by a shifting lever 124, both of which areA secured to a vertical shaft 125. The shaft 125 has secured thereon, a manually-operable handle or lever 126, which may be termed a controlling lever. inasmuch as it controls the state of the totalizers as to the character of operation carried on thereby, that is to say, as to an adding, subtracting, or neutral state.

lt will be noted in this connection, that the controlling handle 126 notonly controls the position of the clutches 122 to determine the state of the assisting driving shafts 105, but also controls the position of the shaft 85 to determine which of the arms 84 or 86 shall be connected in clutched relation with the shaft85. To this end, the control shaft 125 has secured thereon, one. or more arms 127, which have pins 128 engaging between coll-ars 129 and 130 secured on the shaft 85. s0 that when the lever 126 shifts the clutches 122 to any one/of their positions, it Vwill also shift the shaft 85, so as to change the position of the keys 92 and 90, and more especially the lat-ter. The key 92 always remains in the slot ofthe lever 91, so that this lever is always connected in driving rel-ation with the shaft 85. The key 90 can, however, occupy one of three positions` that is, it can occupy a position in the slot in the lever 84, corre.- sponding to ya subtracting operation it can be shifted to an extreme position in the slot on the, lever 86, corresponding to an adding state of the mechanism or it can occupy an intermediate position, in which it will rotate idly in an annular groove 131 formed by annular sockets in the facing sides of the hubs of the levers 84 and 86, the last-named position correspondingI to the neutral state of the computing mechanism, where-in neither of the totalizers will be connected in driven relation .with the racks 46, even if pins should be set up thereon and the general operator oscillated by the crank 72. The clutch 122 is, of course, of sufficient smallness to prn'iit it to occupy an intermediate position without connecting either of the gears 113 or 119 in driving relation with the shaft 105.

After the, set pins have performed their work in enabling the general operator to advance the denominational members with their racks distances corresponding to the particular pins set, it is necessary to restore the pins to their original position, so that subsequent combinations of digits can be indexed thereon. To accomplish this, there is pivotally mounted on the general operator 66, an actuating pawl,132, which is normally held against a stop 131, but which is capable, as will be seen by reference to Figs. 23 and 251, to swing out to the Fig. 23 position against the tension of a spring 133. to avoid a lug cam 135 on a pin-restorer 136 during the forward or initial stroke of the general operator. During the return stroke of the general operator, however, the pawl 132, which is provided with a camming end, will engage the cam surface of the lug 135 and force. the pin-restorer down from the Fig. 23 position to the Fig. 24 position, so that a cylindrical restoring plate 137 on the pin-restorer 136 will be forced down in contact with the upper edges of all the pinbearing bars 32, so as to return any such pins as may be set to their unset position. The pin-restorer is pivotally ymounted at 138 and will be returned by a4 spring 139 (Fig. 1) to its raised position after the pawl 132 has passed the cam lug 135.

In the operation of the device, the typewriter carriage 7 is started at its right-hand position with the initial one of the' computing heads 50 in register with the computation-accumulatnig and transferring mechanism. The numeral keys Will then be struck to print on the work-sheet carried by the carriage, a series of digits comprising the number to be computed. As the carriage moves step by step to the left in enabling the successive printing of the different digits of the number, a tappet 19 thereon causes a successive rocking of the bails 36, so as to successively bring the pins on the several denominational bars 32 in register with the blades 29 of the levers 27, which are actuated by the numeral keys. This enables the nu meral keys to simultaneously set up pins corresponding to their values when they print their values in the several columns.

After an entire number has been indexed in this way, the crank 72 can be swung forwardly from its Fig. 1 position to its Fig. 9 position. A-s the bell crank is swung, it will rockthe general operator forward so that the bar 65 thereon will pick up the several denominational members 32 at varying points in its travel, according to the particular pins which are set up thereon. Before, however, the general operator picks up any of the denominational bars, the cam wheel- 91 will forcethe follower 93 up to a point where it rides evenly on the circular portion of the acting tooth. This will enable the connection of the racks 46 to both the upper and lower totalizers before the racks start. in motion. The character of the connectionwill depend entirely on the vposition of the controlling lever 126. If it is positioned for an adding action. then the key 90 will be in the'slot of the lever 86, so that the latter will be oscillated to manipulate the guide 89 in order to bring the racks 46 directly into engagement with the pinions 73 and 74. The idlc pinions 77 and 78 yield outwardly against the tension of. their Springs 80.

If, however, the control lever 126 is shifted for subtracting, then the key 90 will be coperating with the lever 84, so as to clutch it to the shaft 85, whereby the movement of the follower 93 on the cam will cause the arm or lever 84 to rock bringing the frame 81 up, so that it carries the idle pinions 77 and 78 into mesh with the pinions T3 and 74 of the computing wheels. This will enable an indirect connection between the racks 46 andthe pinions 73 and 74, so that the computing wheels will be rotated in a' direction for subtraction.

The position of the lever 126 controls in addition to the character of drive of the computing wheels 75 and 76` the direction of drive of the assisting shafts 105, by shifting the clutches 122 to correspond with the direction of drive of the computing wheels by the racks 46.

lVhether the controlling lever 126 is set for addition or subtraction` the connection will be made before the cross bar of the general operator comes into engagement with any of the pins on the denominational column bars, so that as soon as the movement of any rack bar is started by the general operator, it will be in condition to ro tate bot-h the upper and lower totalizers for I: either adding or subtracting according to the position of the lever 126. As the general operator 66 moves forward, the pinions 111 on the tens-carrying assisting shafts 105 are rotated idly a revolution and a quarter, so that the sockets 117 stand a quarter of a revolution in advance of the balls or rolls 115.

The general operator in its forward movement not only carries the cam wheel 94 with it, but also carries the auxiliary rest 98 along with it, and this rest is so: located relatively to the cam wheel 94. that it will bridge or block the next succeeding drop or notch in the cam wheel, so that during the final stroke forward of the general operator, the canifollower 93 instead of resting on the calin wheel 94 itself will ride on the rest 98. 0n the initial return motion of the general oper ator, `the cam wheel 94 will be held from return movement by the detent 97, as the clutch 96 does not connect the cam wheel 94 to the hub 95 of the general operator, eX- cept for forward movement. The rest 98, however, is secured rigidly to the general operator, so that it will return and pass from under the cam follower 93. permitting it to drop into the next socket in the cam wheel 94 before the returning cross bar 101 comes into engagement with any of the arms 42 which form a part of the denominational column members.'

It will thus be seen that whether the mechanism is set for addition or subtraction, one or the other of the springs 99 or 100 will act to bring about. the disconnection of the racks 46 from driving relation with the computing wheels 75 and 76, either by moving the racks 46 directly out of mesh with the pinions 73 and 74, as in the case of adding, or by dropping the pinions 77 and 78 out of mesh with the pinions 73 and 74, as in the case of subtracting. At. any rate, the rack bars 46 will be operatively disconnected from both totalizers, so that they can now be returned by the universal bar 101 without undoing any of the running-up of numbers which they have accomplished on the forward stroke of the general operator.

During this initial disconnecting portion of the movement of the general operator 66, the pinions 111 of the tens-carrying mechanism have been rotated idly for a quarter of a revolution until the sockets 117 have caught up with the rolls 115 of the clutches, when there. will be formed an operative connection between the pinions 111 and the bevel gears 113.

If the clutches 122 are shifted for addition, the shafts 105 will be rotated in the direction of the arrow on the segments 104 in F ig; 11 or counterclockwise, so that the segments will act on the opposed mutilated gears 103 and carry over from such computing wheels as -have passed from 9 to 0, one unit to the next higher computing wheel. On the other hand, if the clutches `122 are located for subtraction, the shafts 105 will be rotated in the opposite direction, so that the segments will be rotated in the direction of the segment arrow in Fig. 12 or clockwise. This will enable the borrowing of one from a wheel of higher denomination by any such wheel as has passed from 0 to 9 on the initial or forward stroke of the general operator.

Toward the end of the return movement of the general operator 66, the pawl 132 carried thereby, which has passed idly by the lug 135 on its forward stroke, will abut against the lug 135 and cam down the pinrestorer 136, so that the plate 137 thereof will unset any such pins as have been previously set up and have finished the work for which they were set up. As the pawl particular denon'iinational column memberson which they are located are shifted to the Fig. 6 position by one of the tappets 19 en-A gaging with the bail 36 corresponding thereto.

When the first number comprising, possibly, several digits has been thus indexed and transferredv notl only to the first computing head but also to the grand totalizer 48, one of the tabulating keys 21 is actuated to move the Work-sheet carried by the carriage so as to bring the next column to the printing point. As the carriage jumps forward, one of the trippers 61 Will engage the trip 62, so as to cam the same away from it, and thus oscillate the latch lever 54 to remove the toe 57 thereof from engagement with the lug 58. This will permit the computing head carriage or frame to spring forward under the traction of the spring barrel 5'2, unt-il the next lug 58 is caught by the latch 54. -During this movement, the initial computing head will be moved to the left and the neXt computinghead brought into working relation, although not actual engagement, with the computation-indexing and transferring mechanism. Vhen this has been arranged, the numeral keys can be again struck to index a new number which can be subsequently transferred either for addition or subtraction to the worksheet.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions of the improvements may be used Without others.

Having thus described my invention. l claim- 1. The combination, with a plurality of superposed totalizers. each including a series of number-bearing computing wheels; of a series of substantially vertical racks for simultaneously driving the wheels of like denomination in all of said totalizers so as to run the same number into all of them at the same time, each of said racks having a subst-antially horizontal rearWardly-extending driving member connected to its lower end; indexing mechanism associated with and located adjacent to said driving members; and a general operator engageable with said driving members for swinging said racks endwise to extents determined by said indexing mechanism.

2. The combination, with a plurality of superposed totalizers. each including a series of mnnber-bearing computing wheels; of a series ot' substantially vertical racks for simultaneously driving the wheels of like denomination in all of said totalizers so as to run the same number into. all of them at the same time, each of said racks having a substantially horizontal rearwardly-extending driving member connected to its' lower end and provid-ed with a plurality of devices settable thereon to determine the extent of movement of said members and their connected racks; means located adjacent said driving members for setting said devices.; and a general operator engageable with the set devices, to swing the corresponding racks endwise to the extents so determined.

3. The combination, with a plurality of superposed totalizers, each including a series of number-bearing computing wheels; of a vseries of substantially vertical racks for simultaneously driving the wheels of like denomination in all of said totalizers so as to ruu the same number into all of them at the same time; a substantially horizontal rearwardly-extending driving bar pivoted at its forward end to the lower end of each rack, said racks shiftable relatively to'said bars to effect a driving relation between the racks and said wheels; means for shitting said racks and a general operator directly engageable with said bars for swinging said racks endwise.

l. ln a computing machine, the combination with a totalizer having numeral wheels,

,of actuating' means for said wheels ineluding pivotally-mounted segments, indexing devices carried thereby, and arcuate racks pivoted thereto, said racks movable to and from engagement with the totalizer wheels, a general operator. and means controlled thereby for engaging the indexing devices to swing said segments and racks extents determined b v the. indexing devices.

In a computing machine, the combination with a totalizer having numeral Wheels, of actuating' means for said wheels including pivotally-mounted segments, indexing devices carried thereby. and arcuate racks pivoted thereto, said racks movable to and from engagement with the totaliZ-er wheels, a general operator, means controlled thereby for engaging said indexing devices to swing said segments and racks extents determined by said indexing devices. and means also controlledby said general operator to move said racks into engagement with said totalizer wheels.

6. In a computing machine, the combination with a totalizer having numeral wheels, of a 4series of racks for driving said wheels, said racks being normally disengaged. from driving relation with said wheels, a Cam member, means controlled from said cam member for effecting driving relation belli tween said racks and said wheels for driving said wheels in one direction, and means also controlled from said cam member for effecting driving relation between said racks and wheels in the reverse direction, the driving stroke of said racks being always in the same direction.

7. The combination with a plurality of vertically-disp]aced totalizers, each having a series of computing wheels, of racks common to all of said totalizers for rotating the wheels thereof, operating means for swinging said racks endwise to effect a rotation of the wheels of all of said totalizers,a series of floating idle pinions individual to each of said totalizers, and means for concomitantly moving said series of idle pinions intermediate said racks and said Wheels to form a reversing driving connection between said racks and said wheels.

8. The combination with a plurality of vertically-odset totalizers, of a series of racks common to all of said totalizers, each of said totalizers including a plurality of computing wheels with pinions individual to each wheel, a series of idle pinions individual to each of said totalizers, and a frame carrying all of the series of said idle pinions to move the idle pinions concomitantly intermediate said racks an-d said pinions of said computing wheels, to effect a driving connection between the common racks and all of said totalizers.

9. The combination with a pluralityT of vertically-oiset totalizers, of actuating racks common to all of said totalizers, each of said totalizers including a series of computing wheels with pinions' individual to said wheels, a rock frame, supporting frames pivotally mounted on said rock frame, and a series of idle pinions for each of said totalizers mounted on each of said supporting frames and meshing with said racks, said rock frame being movable to bring said idle pinions into mesh with the pinions of said computing wheels to eiiect a driving connection between all of said totalizers and said racks common thereto.

10. The combination with a plurality of vertically-oifset totalizers, of actuating racks common to all; of said totalizers, each of said totalizers including `a series 0f computing wheels with pinions individual to said wheels, a rock frame, supporting frames pivotally mounted on said rock frame, a series of idle pinions for each of said total? izers mounted on each of said supporting frames and meshing Awith said racks, said rock frame being movable to move said idle pinions-into mesh with the pinions of said computing wheels to eilect a driving connection between all of said totalizers and said racks common thereto, spring means engaging said supporting frames to yieldingly hold said idle pinions 1n mesh with sa1d racks, and shifting means for adjusting the position of said racks to bring about a direct connection of said racks with the pinions of said computing wheels, said idle pinions giving way to permit said movement.

l1. The combination with a plurality of totalizers, each including a series of computing wheels with pinions therefor. ot a series of racks common to all of said totalizers, Separate series of idle pinions individual to each totalizer meshing with said racks and having one pinion for each pinion of said totalizer, automatic means for bringing about either the direct connection of said racks to the pinions of said computing wheels, or the indirect connection ot' said racks to the pinions of said computing wheels, through the intermediary of said idle pinions, said automatic means including a member common to both the series of racks and the series of idle pinions, and state-controlling means for governing the selection of said automatic means.

12. In a computing machine, the combination with a totalizer, of a series of pivotally-mounted segments for actuating saidA totalizer, one segment for each denomination, each segment having an arcuate portion bearing a series of indexing devices and a radial arm, means for setting the indexing devices to determinethe amount of movement of said segments, and means ycoperating with said radial arm to ei'ect denominational selection of any Segment by rendering the indexing devices thereof operable by said setting means.

13. AThe combination with a totalizer, including a plurality of computing wheels, of members for rotating said wheels to run up computations thereon, each of said members having a series of settable pins, a Series of numeral keys, and levers connected to said numeral keys, each of said levers having a blade to engage with one of aline of said pins located on the several members.

14. The combination with .a totalizer including a plurality of computing wheels, of members for rotating said wheels to run up computations thereon, each of said members having a series of settable pins, a series of numeral keys, and levers connected to said numeral keys, each of saidlevers having a blade to engage with one of a line of said pins located on the several members, each of said levers being pivotedintermediate its ends and the blade having an inclined pinengaging edge to allow for the diiierence in leverage for the different locations of the several pins which each blade is capable of engaging.

15. The combination with a totalizer, of swinging actuating members for running up numbers on said totalizer, each of said members having a series of settable radially-disposed pins, numeral keys, and levers actu- 

